![]() Difficulty with decoding skills can underly reading and spelling problems.Īuditory Tolerance/Fading Memory DisorderĪuditory tolerance is when an individual struggles with their ability to understand speech embedded in competing noise. Now say it again without the “m”, and the new word is “at”. Another test used is Elision (phonemic segmentation), where the individual will hear a word and be asked to repeat a word with the instructed sound to be deleted. During an APD test battery, the individual will hear small units of sound and may be asked to blend those sounds into a word, which is known as phonemic blending. Auditory decoding deficit is very commonly associated with individuals who have Dyslexia, which is a phonological processing disorder. Individuals with auditory decoding difficulty cannot perform this process quickly and automatically. When learning to read, learn that we can manipulate phonemes to create new words. ![]() The smallest unit of sound is known as phonemes. For example, the word mat is broken down into m-a-t. In the beginning stages of reading, youngsters learn that individual sounds are linked with the individual letters (orthographic symbols) that make up a word. The easiest example of decoding is when we are learning how to read as young children. Humans can decode speech both on an auditory level and a visual level. If you are interested in a more in-depth discussion regarding APD, we recommend that you purchase the book by Teri James Bellis, Ph.D., “When the Brain Can’t Hear: Unraveling the Mystery of Auditory Processing Disorder”, which can be found on .Īuditory Decoding Disorder aka Auditory Phonological Processing Disorderĭecoding is defined as how well the brain quickly and accurately digests speech. Individuals may be diagnosed with one category or multiple categories that exist along the APD spectrum. The aim of this blog is to briefly highlight the various kinds of APDs that are diagnosed. Furthermore, APD can co-exist with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Gifted Intelligence, Specific Impairment in Reading (Dyslexia), and underlying anxiety problems. While most individuals with APD have normal peripheral hearing ability, some individuals with hearing loss may also have difficulty with auditory processing. Simply put, this disruption causes a breakdown in the brain’s ability to piece together the acoustic puzzle correctly. In auditory processing disorders, there is a dysfunction along the central auditory nervous system pathway that causes a disruption in how the brain receives and/or processes the sounds it receives. Both hemispheres communicate with one another via the corpus collosum, which is a thick band of neural fibers connecting both hemispheres together. The right hemisphere is responsible for the acoustic contour and pitch pattern processing of the auditory information it receives. ![]() The left hemisphere is responsible for the speech and language processing of the auditory signal it receives. Both the right and left hemispheres of the brain have different functions in processing the auditory signal it receives. Our inner ears (cochlea) contain sensory hair cells that help to amplify and convert the mechanical energy of sound into electrical impulses that travel along the auditory nerve, which traverses through the brainstem into the auditory cortexes in both hemispheres of the brain. ![]() Rather, you may have difficulty with processing the auditory sounds you hear.Īuditory processing is “what our brain does with what we hear” (Jack Katz, Ph.D.). What is Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)?ĭo you find yourself or your child struggling with hearing in background noise? Do you or your child have difficulty with sounding out words while reading or challenges with spelling? If so, you may not have a problem with your hearing, per se.
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